C:\A Long Folder
would be
C:\alongf~1

C:\A Long Folder is here
would be:
C:\alongf~2

C:\A Long Folder is here to stay
would be:
C:\alongf~3

However, here is a MS KB on the subject.
Short (8.3) File Names May Change When Copied

A DIR /X will show the short file names

FindFile/FindNextFile Query or DIR Query Does Not Return the Correct Set of Files

How to Disable Automatic Short File Name Generation
NOTE: Existing files using the short name format will still be available to 32-bit programs, but all files created after this change is implemented will be unavailable to older 16-bit programs.