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#176856 - 2007-06-10 01:52 PM Computer account in multiple domains
Mart Moderator Offline
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Guys,

We are building a new network for one of our companies. Up until now they are relying on the network in our HQ for e-mail, database access, etc... via a vpn connection. We want to eliminate some uncontrollable factors and speedup the network for them so they will get a network of there own. IT, H&R, and the finance department will still be supported by our HQ.
Our CEO and some other people including me will be visiting this company several times a month.

The case.
My CEO used to work for a big accounting company. He got send to several companies and was able to logon to each of the company network with his laptop (so he says). Now he wants to be able to do this on our HQ network and on the network being build for the other company.

Both networks have there own DC's and have a different domain name. IP's and network addresses will also be different but they will be managed by DHCP.
Afaik a computer can only belong to one domain. Put it in an other domain and it will no longer be able to use the first domain. My CEO keeps telling that that is not true but he cannot say how they did that for him in the past because he is almost blind in the IT world and knows nothing about how networks work.

Both domains cannot communicate with each other and are not and will not be connected to each other. If I edit the domain list (see article) will my CEO then be able to choose his domain and logon to that domain?
Off course I will create a user account and a computer account for him. I'll do some testing with a test DC and workstation but maybe someone has some experience with this that he/she want to share.

I did some googling on this and found the article below. Has anyone even done anything with this?

Support Browse Lists for Multiple Domains (Windows NT/2000/XP)


Edited by Mart (2007-06-10 02:06 PM)
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#176875 - 2007-06-11 02:57 AM Re: Computer account in multiple domains [Re: Mart]
Sealeopard Offline
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I think the CEO logged into his computer via his cached AD credentials and then was able to have an Ethernet connection. To him it appeared as if he logged into another company's neywork. Most likely the CEO didn't have to access network resources at the other companies, thus would not need to perform some kind of authentication against other computers in that network.
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#176878 - 2007-06-11 09:56 AM Re: Computer account in multiple domains [Re: Mart]
Richard H. Administrator Offline
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I imagine that if your computer logon policy is unrestricted then you can log on using any domain that you like, as long as the computer can find the domain.

Wireless would probably be difficult though, you'd probably need a wired connection the first time round to establish credentials.

Simplest thing would be for you to set up a small lab disconnected from your main network and test. You only need to set up a domain controller with DNS/DHCP and plug it and your laptop into a (dedicated!) hub / switch.

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#176880 - 2007-06-11 11:02 AM Re: Computer account in multiple domains [Re: Mart]
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Have both domains keep a VPN connection to eachother, the add trusts in the "Active Directory - Domains and Trusts" back and forth.

That way you can log in on both locations on either domains.

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#176916 - 2007-06-12 11:35 AM Re: Computer account in multiple domains [Re: Arend_]
Mart Moderator Offline
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Hmmm... the article I linked to above works somewhat. It lest you browse the domains in the Network Neighborhood but they don’t show as a login domain.

Establishing a connection between both domains and putting in place a trust between them is sadly not an option. I did some googling and found a lot of this kind of questions but they all come down to the same answers.

-Add the computer to the domain each time the user switches domains.
This will prevent the user from accessing the "old" domain. I can’t/won’t ask my users to do this so this is not an option.

-Establish a connection and a trust between both domains.
They need the two companies to have strictly separated networks and due to limited funding (it is a small office and they need to pay for this themselves) this is not an option.

-Have the roaming user(s) setup terminal server session on each foreign network and a regular login at the home network.
This might be an option. Will investigate.

-Using hardware profiles.
I doubt it but I’ll have a look at it.

-Writing some kind of app that does the domain switching for the user. Restarts the system and lets them logon.
Sort of the same as the first option.

The terminal server option is my favorite for now but I’ll look into some of the other options.
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#176919 - 2007-06-12 12:59 PM Re: Computer account in multiple domains [Re: Mart]
Arend_ Moderator Offline
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 Originally Posted By: Mart
Hmmm... the article I linked to above works somewhat. It lest you browse the domains in the Network Neighborhood but they don’t show as a login domain.

Establishing a connection between both domains and putting in place a trust between them is sadly not an option.


Thats a nice contradiction \:\)
You HAVE to establish a trust in order to be able to show that domain as logon domain. There is no other way.

It will cost nothing (Or not much). All 2003 AD's support trusts. The VPN connection can be set by "Routing and Remote Access" or by the better kind of ADSL/Cable modem routers (a decent priced good quality router like Draytek)

Besides even if you achieve this, loggin in will likely go pretty slow. Loading profiles over internet and that sort of stuff. It does work fine however, we've got a couple of companies with this setup. However I recommend using Terminal Services since that is easier to setup and works fastest. Then again best practise is to have a 2nd server with Terminal Services and not letting ppl use Terminal Services on the Primary Domain Controller. You could however still setup TS on the PDC but you'd have some strict policy work to do then. Hiding drives etc. Also, since you said they we're small offices if they have 2003 Small Business edition it is not possible to have more then 2 clients on TS at the same time. MS limited this on purpose. You'd have to get 2003 Standard as a TS server according to MS, this is recommended as best practise as well.

Anyway enough of my ramblings, hope you'll find some usefull info in there somewhere....

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#176921 - 2007-06-12 01:16 PM Re: Computer account in multiple domains [Re: Arend_]
Richard H. Administrator Offline
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Having read up a little bit more I gotta agree with Arend.

It looks to be a restriction of how the Kerberos tickets are exchanged.

Found this interesting article:
http://www.microsoft.com/msj/0899/kerberos/kerberos.aspx

It's a bit old, but it includes this pertinent information (my highlights):
 Quote:
Kerberos also allows authentication between clients and servers in different domains, although the process is a bit more complex than what you've seen so far. To authenticate itself to any server application, no matter what domain that server is in, a user must acquire a ticket to that server. But only a KDC in the same domain as the target server can issue that ticket, since only it knows that server's password. If a user wants to authenticate herself to a server in a different domain, then she must request a ticket to that server from a KDC in the foreign domain. And as is always the case, requesting a ticket from a KDC requires presenting a TGT to that server. The fundamental problem is for the user to acquire a TGT to the KDC in the foreign domain. Once she has this, she can request and use a ticket to the target server in the normal way.
For this to be possible, the two domains must have a trust relationship between them. When a trust relationship is created between two Windows 2000 domains, a password is also created that is known only to those two domains. As is described next, this shared password can be used to encrypt a ticket that's passed between the two domains.

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#176934 - 2007-06-12 06:58 PM Re: Computer account in multiple domains [Re: Richard H.]
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I hear this guy can do it:

http://www.globesoft.com/

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#176936 - 2007-06-12 09:02 PM Re: Computer account in multiple domains [Re: Gaven]
Mart Moderator Offline
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My firs thoughts were to use SBS 2003. We have an unused SBS 2000 with enough CAL's gathering dust and I made some inquiries about buying an upgrade to SBS 2003 standard edition. It's a company with only 10 employees so SBS would fit perfectly. They will be expanding a bit but not that much that SBS should be scrapped within two years.

I just stumbled upon the terminal server limitation in SBS The load will be on the DC witch is also acting as a mail server, print server and fileserver so the TS could be a lighter server then the DC is as long as there is enough power to serve a maximum of 5 simultaneous TS users. This might be an option. I'll do some investigating tomorrow and talk to my CEO when he's in the office on Thursday.

The trust over a VPN connection using default Windows tools would be nice. I'll also look into that but I don't have high hopes because they told me it should be 100% separated networks like a hundred times no matter what I told them \:\( I've been doing a lot of searching today and all I got was no, cannot be done, no way, not possible, etc.., etc.. Although I also found the link Gaven posted. It might be worth a try. I'll download a trial and see if it works and how it works when I'm back at the office tomorrow but my money is on a TS session for all "foreign users" on the new network.

So far thanks for the info guys.
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#176938 - 2007-06-12 09:23 PM Re: Computer account in multiple domains [Re: Mart]
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Remote Desktop over TS works fine as well. Though I don't like it, a $500 Dell/HP/etc desktop computer will easily service the needs of the remote Office too. These computers have much more power than full blown $20K Servers had just a few years ago, disk IO won't be great but it works (sucks to be on tight budgets)
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#176940 - 2007-06-13 08:40 AM Re: Computer account in multiple domains [Re: Mart]
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Like I said before SBS 2003 doesn't allow the use of TS except for the admin using the /console session. However there is a simple way to circumvent this but you will end up only allowing 2 simultanious users (+ admin using /console). SBS 2003 is configured like this on purpose, MS offers SBS at a reasonable price with alot of features for a reason \:\) What they won't do is sell you CAL's for the TS on SBS 2003. They will tell you to buy 2003 Standard and setup TS on that.

SBS 2003 does contain Routing and Remote Access though so you can set up VPN's between the two domains.

100% separated networks... basically only thing that needs to be different is the DHCP scope and domain name.

Also you can do a really cheap solution if only 1 person at a time needs to use TS, forward a port to a XP machine's 3389. So they logon to that machine instead.

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#176942 - 2007-06-13 09:35 AM Re: Computer account in multiple domains [Re: Arend_]
Mart Moderator Offline
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Like I said there will be more then 1 users using TS. I'm looking into setting up a separate server with Win2K3 server for the TS sessions.

Edited by Mart (2007-06-13 09:36 AM)
Edit Reason: Deleted some text.
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#176955 - 2007-06-13 04:13 PM Re: Computer account in multiple domains [Re: Mart]
Glenn Barnas Administrator Offline
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Just FYI..

A friend works in a small office - 6-7 users. All workstations are XP home, various configurations, shared network with 4 other companies, no server, really bad setup. I get indigestion just thinking about it.

Anyway, last summer, I took one of my lab servers - a dual P3 1.2 GHz w/ 4G RAM, loaded SBS 2003 standard, and then loaded MS Virtual Server (which is free). I created a virtual XP Pro instance, sysprepped it, and deployed 5 instances under virtual server. The external users, using any crappy pc/config, would make an RDP connection to the virtual XP system console.

The virtual systems were tightly controlled via GPO, and maintained via WSUS, central AV, and kix scripts. Performance was adequate (considering the low end workstations they were already using) but it proved that the concept would work for a small office system given adequate hardware. I'd probably be comfortable using a dual P4 2.6GHz or better system, and would likely invest in the Enterprise? version of SBS to leverage additional RAM.

Glenn
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#176963 - 2007-06-14 09:07 AM Re: Computer account in multiple domains [Re: Glenn Barnas]
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 Originally Posted By: Glenn Barnas
Just FYI..

A friend works in a small office - 6-7 users. All workstations are XP home, various configurations, shared network with 4 other companies, no server, really bad setup. I get indigestion just thinking about it.


Sounds like a 6yr old had a field day ;\)

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#177000 - 2007-06-15 07:54 AM Re: Computer account in multiple domains [Re: Glenn Barnas]
mole Offline
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Might try the same thing but use VMware GSX. Its free also and I find the performace of the virtual OS it hosts is a little better than the MS counterpart.
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